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cat adapter 3

To ensure that a computer to get in touch to a network, a component called a network interface card (NIC) is required to provide the physical connection to the local network media. Though there used to be quite several local area network media types and data link layer systems, we are right down to only a handful today. The most common of these are an Ethernet network using Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable as the connection medium and Wireless LANS (WLANS) which transmit radio signals in the microwave array of the electromagnetic spectrum.
 
Computers normally have some kind of expansion card containing the network interface controllers which can be connected to one of several several types of computer bus. Most desktop computers currently had a network card that fitted into a PCI slot. PCI stands for Peripheral Component Interconnect and was originally developed my Intel, but is now a typical utilized by virtually all manufacturers that produce peripheral devices for connectivity with a computer.
 
As Ethernet has been the dominant Data Link Layer standard for Local Area Networks for quite a while, Ethernet Network Interface Cards have now been stated in their millions allowing computers the connectivity through hubs, switches and routers with other computers. These network cards cost less than a couple of pounds or dollars and allow computers to communicate across an internetwork and be identified by means of an original physical address called a MAC Address. A MAC Address is just a 48 bit binary number, normally seen written in hexadecimal, and each Network Interface Card includes a unique MAC Address.
 
Most people make reference to such a network device as a NIC, Ethernet Card or caterpillar adapter 3  and they will have an RJ45 female connector, into which a male connector on an Ethernet Patch Cable is connected. The patch cable has 4 pairs of copper wires, only 2 of which are used for normal Ethernet operation at 10 or 100 Mbps. Gigabit Ethernet uses all 4 pairs to attain the bigger data rate.
 
Any Network Adapter will need drivers, which are applications utilized by the computers to keep in touch with, and control those things of the Adapter. Most contemporary computers will automatically detect a brand new device and apply the right drivers, or prompt for the located area of the drivers which might be on a disk supplied with the card in case of a PCI Network Card.
 
When connecting a computer to an instant network, an instant network card will be required that will normally be considered a PCI card or maybe more commonly now, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) adapter. The Wireless PCI card or USB wireless adapter may have an aerial or antenna designed to operate over the frequency array of the specified wireless network that will normally function as 2.4Ghz band for the ieee 802.11b and 802.11g standards and the 5Ghz band for the ieee 802.11a wireless standard. Although all wireless network interface cards must have an antenna, and normally do have a built in antenna, there are several models that allow the connection of an external antenna should a right antenna be required. This may be the case in certain circumstances where the internal antenna isn't of sufficient quality or does not have the required gain to replicate a good quality signal for demodulation and decoding.
 
Wireless networks are popular because they don't require any cables to get in touch to the specified network and also, the USB adapter actually draws its power directly from the computer to which it is attached without the need for a separate connection. It is worth bearing at heart that wireless networks are subject to interference from other wireless networks and also from other devices also authorised to use the same frequency bands.
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